| 22 It helped me pass my exam and the test questions are very similar to the practice quizzes on Study.com. But he praised Lincoln's four-paragraph speech as sounding "more like a sermon . Jefferson Finis Davis (June 3, 1808 - December 6, 1889) was an American military officer, statesman, and leader of the Confederacy during the American Civil War, serving as the President of the Confederate States of America for its entire history, 1861 to 1865. With humble gratitude and adoration, acknowledging the Providence which has so visibly protected the Confederacy during its brief but eventful career, to thee, O God, I trustingly commit myself, and prayerfully invoke thy blessing on my country and its cause. I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. So spoke Frederick Douglass soon after he heard Abraham Lincoln's Second Inaugural Address on March 4, 1865. Here are some of the main points from his address: Unity: Jefferson emphasized the importance of unity and national harmony, stating that "every difference of opinion is not a difference of principle." The reading is in the pictures below the answer must be at least 250 words and include a quote from the reading. when satisfied of these views, it is not in human nature that they should not approve & support them. Fellow-Citizens: On this the birthday of the man most identified with the establishment of American independence, and beneath the monument erected to commemorate his heroic virtues and those of his compatriots, we have assembled to usher into existence the Permanent Government of the Confederate States. Jefferson Davis' First Inaugural Address Alabama Capitol, Montgomery, February 18, 1861 Gentlemen of the Congress of the Confederate States of America, Friends and Fellow-Citizens: George Washington had chosen to speak only briefly, and John Adams had not had the opportunity to give one. They are diacritical marks to assist Jefferson in the oral delivery of the address. Instances of self-sacrifice and of generous devotion to the noble cause for which we are contending are rife throughout the land. Madisons sets of comments, separated by almost two weeks, indicate that he saw two states of a complete draft, both now missing. Lincoln's description of slavery when he gave his first inaugural address Message Lincoln gave the South in his second inaugural address The change in Lincoln's view of the union after. Yet the interest involved is not wholly our own. In Jefferson Davis' inaugural address, he made it clear that he intended to separate from the North and give rights to slave owners. NHPRC The National Historical Publications and Records Commission(NHPRC) is part of the National Therefore we are in arms to renew such sacrifices as our fathers made to the holy cause of constitutional liberty. Davis believed that because the North was restricting the rights of the Southern states, secession was 'a necessity, not a choice.' This great strife has awakened in the people the highest emotions and qualities of the human soul. Second Inaugural Address. To save ourselves from a revolution which, in its silent but rapid progress, was about to place us under the despotism of numbers, and to preserve in spirit, as well as in form, a system of government we believed to be peculiarly fitted to our condition, and full of promise for mankind, we determined to make a new association, composed of States homogeneous in interest, in policy, and in feeling. Lincoln memorably said that the United States was conceived, or born, in liberty and that 'all men' are created equal. lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. At home, fellow-citizens, you best know whether we have done well or ill. the suppression of unnecessary offices, of useless establishments and expences, enabled us to discontinue our internal taxes. Jack Shorter, an enslaved stable hand at the Presidents House, may have been the groom. Among the observers in the gallery was the outgoing vice president, Aaron Burr, who had been dropped from the ticket for Jeffersons second term. The question is, according to Jefferson Davis in his second inaugural address what caused the civil war do you agree or disagree and why? Cotton, sugar, rice, tobacco, provisions, timber, and naval stores will furnish attractive exchanges. these contributions enable us to support the current expences of the government, to fulfill contracts with foreign nations, to extinguish the native right of soil within our limits, to extend those limits, & to apply such a surplus to our public debts, as places at a short day their final redemption. Our confederate strength will be too great to tempt aggression; and never was there a people whose interests and principles committed them so fully to a peaceful policy as those of the Confederate States. The Government had ceased to answer the ends for which it was ordained and established. The rule of voluntary association, which cannot fail to be conservative, by securing just and impartial government at home, does not diminish the security of the obligations by which the Confederate States may be bound to foreign nations. Second Inaugural Address of Jefferson Davis February 22, 1862 Fellow-Citizens: On this the birthday of the man most identified with the establishment of American independence, and beneath the monument erected to commemorate his heroic virtues and those of his compatriots, we have assembled to usher into existence the Permanent Government of the Confederate States. In this speech, he hoped to inspire the audience to not let the work of these soldiers go unfinished, but to have 'increased devotion to the great task remaining before us,' the task of bringing the union back together. It is not an authoritative final version. Senator Jefferson Davis took to a podium for his presidential inaugural and gave an impassioned speech about the Constitution. If the acquiescence of foreign nations in a pretended blockade has deprived us of our commerce with them, it is fast making us a self-supporting and an independent people. American History. it is due to the zeal & wisdom of the characters thus selected, who lay the foundations of public happiness in wholsome laws, the execution of which alone remains for others. the public judgment will correct false reasonings & opinions, on a full hearing of all parties; and no other definite line can be drawn between the inestimable liberty of the press, and its demoralising licentiousness. Davis argued that the North oppressed . in the mean time, let us cherish them with patient affection: let us do them justice and more than justice in all competitions of interest; & we need not doubt that truth, reason, & their own interests will at length prevail, will gather them into the fold of their country, & will compleat that entire union of opinion which gives to a nation the blessing of harmony & the benefit of all its strength. Contemplating the union of sentiment now manifested so generally, as auguring harmony & happiness to our future course, I offer to our country sincere congratulations. A million of men, it is estimated, are now standing in hostile array, and waging war along a frontier of thousands of miles. With these techniques, Jefferson rendered the sentence The Aboriginal inhabitants of these countries I have regarded with the commiseration their history inspires as: The sentence I have therefore undertaken, on no occasion, to prescribe the religious exercises suited to it appears as: And they too have their Anti-Philosophists, who find an interest he copied as: Visible in those examples are additional markings that do not represent letters of the alphabet. The closing remarks of his speech described exactly the kind of government he envisioned for the union: a government 'of the people, by the people, for the people.'. An error occurred trying to load this video. The people of the States now confederated became convinced that the Government of the United States had fallen into the hands of a sectinal majority, who would pervert that most sacred of all trusts to the destruction of the rights which it was pledged to protect. 90 terms. Members of the foreign diplomatic corps were also present. At the darkest hour of our struggle the Provisional gives place to the Permanent Government. Our people have rallied with unexampled unanimity to the support of the great principles of constitutional government, with firm resolve to perpetuate by arms the right which they could not peacefully secure. In a document that he wrote after he completed the drafting of the address and headed Notes on a Draught for a second inaugural Address (Document, At the outset of his drafting process, he identified those most prominent heads for the address in a spare outline that listed four Genl. It is with mingled feelings of humility and pride that I appear to take, in the presence of the people and before high Heaven, the oath prescribed as a qualification for the exalted station to which the unanimous voice of the people has called me. The world at large is concerned in opening our markets to its commerce. (See Documents, Neither of Jeffersons predecessors as president had given a second inaugural address. True to our traditions of peace and our love of justice, we sent commissioners to the United States to propose a fair and amicable settlement of all questions of public debt or property which might be in dispute. Senator Jefferson Davis took to a podium for his presidential inauguration and gave an impassioned speech about the Constitution. For proof of the sincerity of our purpose to maintain our ancient institutions, we may point to the Constitution of the Confederacy and the laws enacted under it, as well as to the fact that through all the necessities of an unequal struggle there has been no act on our part to impair personal liberty or the freedom of speech, of thought, or of the press. The optimism which some had had at the beginning of the war had faded away. It is a satisfaction that we have maintained the war by our unaided exertions. but the weaknesses of human nature, & the limits of my own understanding will produce errors of judgment sometimes injurious to your interests. Jefferson Davis Sets the Tone. Therefore we are in arms to renew such sacrifices as our fathers made to the holy cause of constitutional liberty. Three weeks later, Abraham Lincoln did likewise, with different results. . they might perhaps have been corrected by the wholsome punishments reserved to, and provided by, the laws of the several states against falsehood & defamation. In February of 1861, just two months before the official start of the Civil War, Jefferson Davis delivered his inaugural address to the Confederacy as its new leader. Plus, get practice tests, quizzes, and personalized coaching to help you Although history proved the North as the victor in this war, these issues were not completely resolved. Leonard Levys 1963 critical interpretation of the president, Seemingly in line with that new ethos of free speech, in. Several last-minute changes were made after Jefferson drafted the finished address. . Jefferson Davis was again selected to remain as the President of the newly formed government and commenced to give his second inaugural address on the 22 nd of February, 1862 in front of a monument to George Washington at . Lincoln recognized how crucial this first inaugural address would be to the Southern states considering secession. To show ourselves worthy of the inheritance bequeathed to us by the patriots of the Revolution, we must emulate that heroic devotion which made reverse to them but the crucible in which their patriotism was refined. James Buchanan Democratic Party Abraham Lincoln Republican Party Jefferson Davis*** Democratic Party Andrew Johnson Republican Party Ulysses S. Grant Republican Party. With confidence in the wisdom and virtue of those who will share with me the responsibility and aid me in the conduct of public affairs; securely relying on the patriotism and courage of the people, of which the present war has furnished so many examples, I deeply feel the weight of the responsibilities I now, with unaffected diffidence, am about to assume; and, fully realizing the inequality of human power to guide and to sustain, my hope is reverently fixed on Him whose favor is ever vouchsafed to the cause which is just. Whatever of hope some may have entertained that a returning sense of justice would remove the danger with which our rights were threatened, and render it possible to preserve the Union of the Constitution, must have been dispelled by the malignity and barbarity of the Northern States in the prosecution of the existing war. Before noon on Monday, the 4th of March, Jefferson mounted his horseprobably Wildair, his prized bay saddle horseand rode the mile and a half up Pennsylvania Avenue from the Presidents House to the Capitol. In this lesson, we will briefly examine how Jefferson Davis expressed his views on liberty, equality, union, and government in his first inaugural address. Home. Chapter 14 - #1. Fellow-Citizens: On this the birthday of the man most identified with the establishment of American independence, and beneath the monument erected to commemorate his heroic virtues and those of his compatriots, we have assembled to usher into existence the Permanent Government of the Confederate States. It was to be expected when we entered upon this war that it would expose our people to sacrifices and cost them much, both of money and blood. The great principles upon which we have been willing to hazard everything that is dear to man have made conquests for us which could never have been achieved by the sword. Nor have the material sacrifices of the past year been made without some corresponding benefits. Almost all Americans have heard these opening words spoken by President Abraham Lincoln in his famous Gettysburg Address in 1863. In return for their kindness I can offer assurances of the gratitude with which it is received; and can but pledge a zealous devotion of every faculty to the service of those who have chosen me as their Chief Magistrate. I highly recommend you use this site! Well, Lincoln disagreed. Box 1892 Houston, Texas 77251-1892 Phone and Fax Numbers Phone: (713) 348-2586 Fax: (713) 348-6172 Email Address E-mail: The National Historical Publications and The tyranny of an unbridled majority, the most odious and least responsible form of despotism, has denied us both the right and the remedy. "Jefferson Davis' Second Inaugural Address," The Papers of Jefferson Davis, accessed March 13, 2015, https: . By the character of their productions they are too deeply interested in foreign commerce wantonly to disturb it. The recollections of this great contest, with all its common traditions of glory, of sacrifice and blood, will be the bond of harmony and enduring affection amongst the people, producing unity in policy, fraternity in sentiment, and just effort in war. This speech was intended to promote brotherhood amongst the North and South, and he claimed that most individuals on both sides would have preferred a peaceful outcome. Virginia Capitol, Richmond, February 22, 1862. Second Inaugural Address. I know that the acquisition of Louisiana has been disapproved by some, from a candid apprehension that the enlargement of our territory would endanger its union. Recognizing that his treatment of the topic of Philosophy in the address was unorthodox, he apparently wrote the Notes on a Draught for a second inaugural Address to memorialize the decision for his ongoing record of his own times. At the darkest hour of our struggle the Provisional gives place to the Permanent Government. Upon the first call the men flew to arms, and wifes and mothers send their husbands and sons to battle without a murmur of regret. They believed that to remain longer in the Union would subject them to a continuance of a disparaging discrimination, submission to which would be inconsistent with their welfare, and intolerable to a proud people. All rights reserved. In his second inaugural address, Lincoln said that slavery "was, somehow, the . As you know, Lincoln's first inaugural address did not stop the Civil War from breaking out and dividing the rest of the country between the North and South. 10:498n). 4 Mch. that our wish, as well as theirs, is, that the public efforts may be directed honestly to the public good: that peace be cultivated, civil & religious liberty unassailed, law & order preserved, equality of rights maintained, & that state of property, equal or unequal, which results to every man from his own industry, or that of his fathers. Sherman's March to the Sea | History, Significance & Date, The First Battle of Bull Run | Significance, Outcome & Facts, Abraham Lincoln During the Civil War | Quotes, Facts & Timeline, Development of the U.S. Free Enterprise System, John Brown's Raid at Harpers Ferry | Facts, Purpose & Outcome, Abraham Lincoln's Second Inaugural Address | Themes & Purpose. Summarized in The Papers of Jefferson Davis, Volume 8, p. 55. they gathered around their public functionaries. 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